292 p. 36 illus., 7 illus. in color. : online resource.
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I Color theory in the ancient world -- Empedocles??four elements and four colors -- The four-color doctrine -- Atomism and idealism: Democritus and Plato -- The empiricism of Aristotle -- The influence of Plato and Aristotle on science -- The Hellenistic and Roman era -- Neoplatonism -- The end of ancient scholarship -- II The Middle Ages -- The early Middle Ages -- The visual science of the Islamic world -- The controversy about visual rays -- Ibn Al-Haytham (Alhazen) -- Alhazen?셲 theory of vision -- Colors -- The refraction of light -- The science of vision and colors in the prime of the Middle Ages -- The perspectivists -- III The Renaissance -- Color in the Renaissance -- Optics in the Renaissance -- Johannes Kepler -- IV Light, color and vision during the scientific revolution -- The scientific revolution -- Kepler and Galileo -- Bacon, Gassend and Descartes -- Descartes and vision -- New theories of light and color -- The speed of light -- The refraction of light -- The rainbow -- The chemical colors -- The color theories of opponents of the corpuscular hypothesis -- V Newton -- A new theory of light and color -- Newton?셲 color system -- The barycentric system -- The physiology of color vision -- VI From Newton to Young -- The reception of Newton?셲 color theory -- Supporters of the medium hypothesis -- Intermezzo: achromatic lenses -- Supporters of the corpuscular hypothesis -- Conservative Aristotelians -- Practitioners on the classification of colors -- Three-color printing -- The first color triangles -- Butterflies and color-tops -- The start of color physiology -- The retina sensitive to three sorts of light? -- Thomas Young -- Theory of light -- Fresnel -- Invisible light -- Theory of color vision -- VII Classical-romantic color theory in Germany -- Runge -- Goethe -- Intermezzo: subjective colors before Goethe -- Back to Goethe -- Schopenhauer -- VIII Disorders of color vision -- Dalton -- Goethe -- Schopenhauer -- Seebeck -- IX The mixing of colors -- Primary colors and the mixing of pigments -- Optic color mixing -- W체nsch -- Chevreul -- Voigt, Young and Forbes -- Helmholtz -- Mixing spectral colors -- X The trichromatic theory -- Helmholtz -- Grassmann -- Limitations of Grassmann?셲 system -- Maxwell -- Colorimetry -- The fundamental sensation curves -- Trichromatism and dichromatism -- Arthur K철nig -- Anomalous trichromatism -- Psychophysics -- Aubert and Mach: color as subjective quality -- XI Hering?셲 four-color theory Zone theories -- Theory of the four opponent colors -- Fick?셲 hypothesis -- Zone theories -- XII Anatomy and physiology of the visual system between 1600 and 1900 -- Anatomy of the retina -- The neural structure of the retina -- Anatomy of the visual pathways -- The duplicity theory -- Day-blindness and night-blindness -- Visual pigment -- The Purkinje shift -- The photopic luminous efficiency function (V lambda function) -- Dark adaptation -- XIII The twentieth century -- The quantum theory -- The impact of the quantum theory on the science of vision and color -- The physics of color -- Photochemical processes -- The quantum theory and the limits of vision -- The absolute threshold of vision -- The relative threshold of vision -- The relative thresholds of color vision -- Our spectral window and the quantum theory -- Other important aspects of the twentieth century color theory -- The further development of color theories -- The trichromatic theory -- Luminance and color -- Zone theories -- Electronmicroscopy of the retina -- New facts about color vision defects -- Heredity -- Tritanopia -- Monochromatism -- The visual pigments -- The rod-pigment -- The cone-pigments -- Retinal densitometry -- Cone histochemistry -- Microspectrophotometry -- The structure of the cone pigments -- The evolution of color vision -- The neurophysiology of the retina -- Action potentials -- The horseshoe crab -- The visual nerve of the frog -- The receptive field -- Stimulation of the retinal ganglion cells with colored lights -- Electrophysiology of the cones -- Opponent processes -- The advantages of an opponent organization -- Color and luminance channels from retina to visual cortex -- Color psychology in the twentieth century -- The classification of colors -- The names of colors -- Contrast -- The influence of boundaries -- Color adaptation and color constancy -- The cortical color mechanism -- Functional specialization in the areas of the visual cortex -- Appendix and synopsis; what is color? -- Color and presciantific man -- The history of color theory -- Aristotle -- Alhazen, Bacon, Kepler -- Mechanicism and the subjectivity of the concept of color -- From Newton to the trichromatic theory -- Hering -- Modern color physiology -- The future of color science -- Notes -- Acknowledgments -- References.
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